THE DEMOCRATIC DEBACLE last November came as no surprise to
Senator Evan Bayh. The Indiana Democrat could see disaster looming
and decided a year ago not to seek reelection. He began issuing
warnings to fellow Democrats even before the passage of Obamacare,
only to see them ignored. He told the Wall Street Journal
his party’s liberals were “tone deaf” to the fact that they’d
“overreached” in their agenda. “For those people,” he said, “it may
take a political catastrophe of biblical proportions before they
get it.” Now that the votes are in, Bayh still isn’t sure they
will.
Bayh knows something about high-water political floods. As a
24-year-old law student he helped run his father’s 1980 Senate
re-election and saw him go down to defeat under the Reagan
landslide. In 1994, Bayh was governor of Indiana and thankful he
wasn’t before the voters when they revolted against Bill Clinton.
“Every 14 or 16 years we seem to have to relearn this lesson,” Mr.
Bayh said. “I do have a sense of déjà vu, and the movie
doesn’t have a happy ending.”
He isn’t the first observer to note the misfortune that befalls
modern Democrats when they gain control of the presidency and both
houses of Congress. Look at the record. In the last half century,
Democrats have controlled the White House and both houses of
Congress with big majorities four times: 1965-66, 1977-80, 1993-94,
and 2009-10. As Henry Olsen of the American Enterprise Institute
notes, each time “Democrats suffered landslide reversals in
Congress within four years of obtaining their supermajorities. The
only time they did not also then lose the presidency was in 1996,
when the triangulator Bill Clinton was reelected. Is this a
coincidence?”
One cannot easily blame the economy for those earlier defeats.
The economy was humming in the 1960s, and it was steadily
recovering during the early 1990s. Nor can one easily blame
political consultants and clever Republican tricks. As anyone who
follows advertising and politics knows, a campaign succeeds only if
it communicates messages its audience wants to hear. The only
thread that runs through all four of the landslide reversals is the
fact that in each case liberals overreached and alienated
independent voters enough that they turned to Republicans in
protest.
Ronald Reagan understood this dynamic better than anyone. After
Jimmy Carter won the White House, Reagan assembled a group of his
former aides from his failed bid for the 1976 GOP nomination. The
meeting took place in Los Angeles in 1977, and it soon turned into
a pep talk by a man who was clearly hoping to keep the spirits of
his troops up while he contemplated his own political future.
The Gipper’s basic message was that the GOP’s seemingly hopeless
minority position would only be temporary if they learned from the
Party’s mistakes and returned to first principles. He quoted from a
ballad from the English poet John Dryden he had memorized as a
youth: “I’m a little wounded, but I am not slain. I will lay me
down for to bleed a while. Then I’ll rise and fight again.”
Conservatives, he said, should be of good cheer. He said
Democrats tend to win the White House and big majorities in
Congress when two things happen simultaneously: when “Republicans
the voters have trusted don’t live up to conservative principles”
and when Democratic candidates successfully campaign as moderates
who can be trusted not to pursue a radical agenda in office.
Reagan’s case for optimism was his thesis that once in office
Democrats find it impossible to govern as moderates even if they
want to “because the unions and their congressional leadership
won’t let them.” But governing as liberals meant Democrats
undermined the trust voters placed in them. They also enacted
policies that increased economic uncertainty and retarded job
creation. “When liberalism fails, people notice. They may even
protest,” Reagan told his aides, pointing to California’s nascent
Proposition 13 tax revolt — the Tea Party of its day. “And it’s
then they’ll listen to you again if you have a clear set of ideas
based on sound principle.”
Aides such as Peter Hannaford who attended the meeting realized
he was planning to run for president again, envisioning just such a
scenario. The rest is history.
IN EARLY 1993, before he succumbed to Alzheimer’s, Reagan met
with some of his appointees in New York City. The circumstances
were remarkably similar to those of 16 years prior — Republicans
had lost heavily in the last election due to scandal and economic
miscalculations. Larry Kudlow, a Reagan budget official who is now
a CNBC host, recalls that the Gipper reminded those at the meeting
of what he’d said in 1977.
Bill Clinton had also campaigned as a moderate but was already
governing as a liberal-and Reagan said it wouldn’t fly with voters.
“He said the failure of liberalism would again present Republicans
with an opportunity if they ran on a pro-growth, anti-tax agenda
that reasserted America’s place in the world,” Kudlow told me.
Kudlow says he was struck by the parallels between Reagan’s
message all those years ago and what happened in 2010, as once
again Democrats overreached and suffered a historic defeat. All of
this makes him wonder if Democrats will ever have a “Tony Blair”
moment and make a conscious return to the political center.
After his Labour Party suffered three straight defeats, Blair
took over as leader. He marginalized its left-wing extremists so
the middle class could trust his party with power.
Mr. Blair told the Times of London he realized the
“default mechanism” of Britain was closer to that of the
Conservative Party, and that his party must move to the center. He
then won three straight elections. But Labour returned to its
class-warfare roots under his successor, Gordon Brown, and promptly
lost the next general election.
So far, Democrats show few signs of thinking the U.S. is a
country whose “default mechanism” in politics is to the
center-right. They retain faith that Barack Obama can work some
magic and make things better. But should he continue to slide in
2011 they may want to rethink matters.
After all, even though liberals despised the temporizing and
triangulation that Bill Clinton practiced after his 1994 midterm
losses, he remains the only Democratic president since the birth of
'60s liberalism to win reelection.