The Prime Ministers: An Intimate Narrative of Israeli
Leadership
By Yehuda Avner
(The Toby Press, 730 pages, $29.95)
Yehuda Avner is a retired Israeli civil servant who served as an
adviser and speechwriter to four prime ministers — Levi Eshkol,
Golda Meir, Yitzhak Rabin, and Menachem Begin — before becoming
Israel’s ambassador to Great Britain. Now in his eighties, Avner
has produced a splendidly written memoir that succeeds in bringing
these Israeli leaders to life. Although not the most scholarly or
comprehensive book ever written about Israel, The Prime
Ministers is by far the most engaging political history I have
ever come across.
Consider Avner’s account of an exchange between Menachem Begin
and President Jimmy Carter’s national security adviser, Zbigniew
Brzezinski, over the wording of a draft U.S.-Israeli statement to
be issued after the conclusion of talks in Washington:
“Totally acceptable except for two sentences,” [Begin
declared.]
“And what are they?”
“Please delete ‘The United States affirms Israel’s inherent
right to exist.’”
“Why so?”
“Because the United States’ affirmation of Israel’s right to
exist is not a favor, nor is it a negotiable concession. I shall
not negotiate my existence with anybody, and I need nobody’s
affirmation of it.”
Brzezinski’s expression was one of surprise. “But to the best of
my knowledge every Israeli prime minister has asked for such a
pledge.”
“I sincerely appreciate the president’s sentiment,” said Begin,
“but our Hebrew Bible made that pledge and established our right
over our land millennia ago. Never, throughout the centuries, did
we ever abandon or forfeit that right. Therefore, it would be
incompatible with my responsibilities as prime minister of Israel
were I not to ask you to erase this sentence.” And then, without
pause, “Please delete, too, the language regarding the commitment
to Israel’s survival.”
“And in what sense do you find that objectionable?”
“In the sense that we, the Jewish people alone, are responsible
for our country’s survival, no one else.”
Wordlessly, and seemingly perplexed, the national security
adviser deleted the offending sentences, upon which the prime
minister expressed himself totally satisfied.
This whole exchange is vintage Begin. A survivor of the Soviet
gulag and a former leader in Israel’s pre-state underground, Begin
was obsessed with Jewish honor, both personal (“A Jew bows to no
one but God,” was one of his favorite maxims) and national. His
unyielding insistence upon Israel’s historic rights to biblical
Judea and Samaria (a.k.a. the “West Bank”), drove his American
interlocutors crazy, but they recognized that once Begin gave his
word, he would never go back on it. To do so would be
dishonorable.
Golda Meir, though equally devoted to Israel’s security, was a
different personality altogether. Her passion was not for Jewish
honor, but for social justice — and just as Zionism would bring
justice to the Jews, so in her view would socialism bring justice
to the world. But Golda’s belief in socialism was shaken to the
core during the Yom Kippur War of 1973, when her fellow social
democrats in Western Europe turned their backs on Israel as it
struggled to hold back a massive Soviet-Arab onslaught, and only
Richard Nixon — an American president known neither for his
philosemitism nor for his commitment to social justice — came to
Israel’s rescue. With American weaponry, Israel (at a terribly high
cost) eventually won the Yom Kippur War, but an embittered Golda
Meir subsequently gave vent to her anger at a meeting of the
Socialist International.
Roger Kaplan| 12.14.10 @ 8:23AM
Bravo! This is an excellent piece on Yehuda Avner, who all his life has typified Israel's grace and courage under relentless pressure. Joe Shattan's quietly asserted reminder that the unobserved, vicious bureaucratic maneuverings inside our own foreign policy apparat are part of that relentless pressure could not be more timely. It is not inconceivable that had the Arabists (by any other name) in the Carter-Reagan transition period not done their work so well, the Begin Doctrine, as Shattan so aptly calls it, might have had Reagan's enthusiastic support and the whole inflection of U.S. policy in this area would have been different, saving us -- and the Arabs - a whole lot of trouble and pain. Might, shmight, must we always reinvent wheels? Read Avner -- and Shattan -- to get a refresher on basics. In Washington, it's always so easy to forget them.
Alan Brooks| 12.15.10 @ 12:02AM
"Golda Meir was an IDF-lady ISRAEL-FIRSTER!
Eric Cartman| 12.14.10 @ 12:06PM
Damn! Another book I have to read between semesters. I like the story of Begin's editing. What has always puzzled me was socialism embraced by so many Israelis. Maybe this read will explain it somewhat for me.
Occam's Tool| 12.14.10 @ 5:23PM
Dear Eric,
I believe it was the desire for utopianism that drove socialism in Israel, at least until it nearly destroyed the economy. I believe the economic liberalization (in the classic sense) of Israel began during Bibi's 1st term. Now, of course, it has more startups per capita than we do (see Start Up Nation). By the way, this one is available on Kindle. I hope your studies and Christmas break go very well. I love the stuff you write.
Eric Cartman| 12.15.10 @ 12:27AM
Thank you for the nice thoughts. And I your intellectual thrusts and parries with the rabble-rousers of the Left :-) The wife has been dropping hints about my very own Kindle! I can't wait! But I must say, I don't think it will ever replace the book. I have to have those pages to mark, ruffle, draw on. Just isn't the same. But I'm excited to get one. Let's hope the season will be a peaceful one.
Boomerbabe| 12.15.10 @ 12:49AM
And holiday wishes to both of you, too. I enjoy your postings, and others so much! You articulate so well what I am thinking, and your humor, Eric, is truly a treasure. I'm still laughing from a post of yours from a couple of days ago. I will even wish Alan Brooks a Happy Holiday, just because he gives you so much material!
RCV| 12.15.10 @ 7:16PM
Eric - like you, I thought I would hate the Kindle my kids got me. But I've come to love it, especially when traveling - no more suitcases jammed with books!
Have yourself a merry Christmas or whatever holiday you choose to celebrate.
RCV| 12.14.10 @ 1:30PM
This does look like a good read. My understanding of the question you raise is that many of the early zionist organizations had their roots in labor organizations of Jewish workers from Europe -- Hisradut -- and they were the ones who brought the kibbutzum and moshavim movements to early Israel.
As with most utopian movements, however, the zeal for collective kibbutzum died after the first generation. People naturally gravitated to their "who took my cheese" and "my child is special, so he/she deserves more" human natures.
Eric Cartman| 12.14.10 @ 3:48PM
Could very well be. I always thought it had something to do with security - all pull together for a strong front theory. Have to pick up the book over the holidays - sounds like a great read.
Christopher| 12.14.10 @ 4:46PM
"A Jew bows to nobody but God."
Obama has bowed to every dictator he meets. What a difference between leaders such as Begin and Bibi and our Obama. Begin and Bibi and Golda were proud to be Israelis, Obama seems embarassed to be an American, and Michelle was not proud until hubby got nominated.